The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used to make millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sample rapidly, allowing scientists to amplify a very small sample of DNA (or a ...

Abstract: In traditional direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motors, the flux reference is typically set to a constant value. However, the optimal flux reference varies depending on ...

Abstract: Switched Reluctance Motors (SRMs), outfitted with rugged construction, good speed range, high torque density, and rare earth-free nature that outweigh induction motors (IM) and permanent ...